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KMID : 1035320190460020075
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Korean Society for Dental Materials
2019 Volume.46 No. 2 p.75 ~ p.88
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Effect of apical constriction diameter, irrigant flow rate, and needle tip design on apical pressure
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Lee Chang-Ha
Jo Seol-Ah
Lim Bum-Soon
Lee In-Bog
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of apical constriction (AC) diameter, irrigant flow rate, and needletip design on apical pressure (AP) during the root canal irrigation. Five extracted human mandibular premolars were instrumentedup to #35 (0.06 taper) using nickel-titanium rotary instruments. AC was determined at 1 mm from the apical foramen. Threeneedles with different tip designs (notched, side-vented, and flat) were placed 3 mm from AC. APs were measured with varyingflow rates of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mL/s. The AC diameter of the teeth was enlarged to #40 and #45 (0.06 taper) successively,and the aforementioned measurement procedure was repeated (n=5). When the other conditions were controlled, AP increasedwith decreasing AC diameter or increasing irrigant flow rate, and the AP of flat needle was the highest, followed by notched,and side-vented needle (p<0.05). The APs with 0.05 mL/s flow rate were lower than central venous pressure (5.88 mmHg)for all conditions. Under the conditions of the present study, flat needle is not recommended in narrow AC (0.35 mm), asthe value of the AP with a flow rate of 0.05 mL/s is similar to the central venous pressure. However, in AC diameter of>0.35 mm, open-end (notched or flat) needles can be used to improve irrigant replacement in the apical portion using a flowrate of 0.05 mL/s.
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KEYWORD
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Apical constriction diameter, Apical pressure, Irrigant flow rate, Needle tip design
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